Thermostat is a key component in an automotive cooling system. It mainly regulates the operating temperature of the engine and ensures that the engine runs within its optimal temperature range.
Main functions of a thermostat:
It adjusts and controls the operation temperature of the engine to guarantee its efficient operation within the optimal temperature range. By regulating coolant flow, it prevents overheating or overcooling of the engine, protects engine components, increases fuel efficiency, and reduces emissions.
Working principle of a thermostat:
When the engine temperature drops to a defined low level, the temperature sensing element in the thermostat closes the corresponding valve. When the temperature rises, the temperature sensing element deforms or expands, and gradually opens the valve. Consequently, the coolant begins to flow and take away heat. When the engine reaches the ideal operating temperature, the thermostat intelligently adjusts the valve opening degree to maintain a stable temperature.
Common faults of a thermostat:
Stuck thermostat: The thermostat remains in a constant state (open or closed) due to internal gel failure or clumping.
Delayed or failed opening: This can lead to insufficient engine cooling for long, and consequently affect startup and operation performance.
Early opening or closing: This can keep the engine from reaching its optimal operation temperature, and result in higher fuel consumption, more emissions, or insufficient power.
Leakage or damage: This can cause coolant leakage or insufficient pressure.
Suggestions for maintenance of a thermostat:
Check the coolant level and quality regularly to maintain a clean cooling system and prevent blocking of the thermostat.
Replace the thermostat regularly according to the time interval or mileage recommended in the vehicle maintenance manual (common replacement cycle: 50,000-100,000 kilometers).
Ensure that the cooling system is without leakage and eliminate air and impurities in a timely manner.
Avoid mixing of poor or inferior coolant that may affect performance of the thermostat.
